Research article

EFFECT OF BIOLOGICAL AND CULTIVAR CONTROL TO EAR- COCKLE NEMATODE DISEASE CAUSED BY THE NEMATODE (ANGUINA TRITICI) ON DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

Hussam Sabah Younis1, Raeed Mejbel Abdullah2, Saifuddin Ahmed Hassan3, Ammar Ahmed Abdul Sattar4 and Khalid Zemam Amer* 4

Online First: October 26, 2022


The experiment was conducted during the agricultural season (2019-2020), at one of the farmers' fields in Dhi-Qar Governorate, to determine Effect of biological and cultivar control to Ear- Cockle Nematode disease caused by the nematode (Anguina tritici) on different genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Completely Random Block Design in Split Plot with three replicates were used, the main plot included biological control, which were (control without infection, nematode infection, nematode infection + treatment with trichoderma and nematode infection + treatment with psilomycosis), the secondary plots included five bread wheat genotypes (Saber beg, Clack, Arass, Sham 6 and Abu-Graib 3). The following traits studied were; spike length (cm), spike number (m-2), 500 grain weight (g), grain number in spike (grain. Spike-1) and total grain yield (kg. ha-1). The results showed that a variation in bread wheat varieties with varying degrees of sensitivity to Anguina tritici nematode, as the variety Saber beg showed complete superior immunity, especially when infected with these nematodes in the spike length, grain number in spike and grain yield (13.32 cm, 45.07 grains. spike-1 and 3425.42 kg. ha-1 respectively. The results showed the effect of using the biological control of Trichoderma harazianum and Paecilomycis lilacinus on the wheat warts nematodes (Anguina tritici). The superiority of the biological control of Trichoderma harzianum in increasing the parameters of growth and production and reducing the parameters of infection, the average spike length, the number of spikes, the number of uninfected spikes, the weight of 500 grains, and the total grain yield, reached (12.93 and 12.61) cm and (302.06 and 331.26) grains. spike-2, (35.48 and 30.89), (15.48 and 14.45) g, and (3383.04 and 2898.44) kg ha-1 respectively, compared with the infected plants, which reached (10.78) cm (249.26) grains. spike-2, (17.11), (9.37) g, and (1463.28) kg.ha-1 respectively.

Keywords

biological and cultivar control, Ear- Cockle Nematode, bread wheat.