Research article

INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND BIOPRODUCTS ON THE AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DARK CHESTNUT SOIL AND QUALITY OF APPLE FRUITS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN

M.K. Zhumagulova1,2, Zh.B.Bakenova1, G.N. Kairova2, S.Zh.Kazibaeva2, M.B.Urazaeva2 I. Roslan3

Online First: December 16, 2022


A port is a unique apple tree that, mainly grown in Almaty, Kazakhstan. The apple is highly favored by the local community in Kazakhstan because of the taste qualities, the smell characteristics and the size that is unusually big for an apple, which surpasses all other apple varieties grown locally. Cultivation of Aport is highly responsive to the application of mineral and organic fertilizers, and sensitive to soil water availability. An experiment was conducted in Spring 2009 season in the young Aport garden, with experimental plot of 0.75 hectares. Apple trees spacing were 5m (between rows) x 3m (between trees). Fertilizers were applied 2 times/year with, (i) half the dose in spring and, (ii) half the dose in summer during active shoot growth. Foliar treatment with bioproduct MERS were applied 2 times/year similar with the fertilizer application. Plus, water irrigated with drip irrigation system. Soil samples at 2 depth (0-30cm and 30-60cm) were collected from the experimental plots, and subjected to soil nutrient analyses NPK. Study data indicated low in available nitrogen (N) between 4,28-7,76 meq/100g (opt: 6-10 meq/100g), low-medium available phosphorous (P) with 2,8-3,15 meq/100g, and medium potassium (K) content with 42-48 meq/100g. Studies were conducted on individual quality indicators against the background of daily and periodic irrigation: vitamin “C”, total sugar (glucose+fructose), titrated acidity, soluble dry matter. The content of vitamin “C” against the background of two types of irrigation in the variant of joint application of MERS with ½ of the dose of the calculated norm NPK - 7.86 -7.98%, control tests of total sugar had the same tendency variants N60P55K55 and N60P55K55 + MERS contained 11.64 - 12.22% of total sugar, against the background of periodic irrigation, and against the background of daily irrigation 12,11 - 12,73%, respectively. The results of soluble dry matter on the background of periodic irrigation vary within 12.13 - 13.27%, and on the background of daily irrigation it was within 12.33 - 13.00%.

Keywords

agriculture, soil science, agrochemistry, fruit growing, apple tree, Aport variety fertilizer, biological product, fruit quality, irrigation.