EVALUATION PERFORMANCE AND PHENOTYPIC INDICES OF PARENTS AND THEIR INDIVIDUAL CROSSES AND MOLECULAR CORRELATION GENETIC ANALYSIS BETWEEN RAPD-PCR MARKERS ON THE QUANTITATIVE TRAITS OF PEANUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)

Seven Peanut genotypes were used, obtained from ICARDA of Dry Cultivation, the parent planted their reverse hybrids in a farmer's field in Dhi-Qar Governorate, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates, for a molecular study, used two indicators based on PCR technique, namely the RAPD indicators and the RE-RAPD indicator, by cutting enzymes and custom prefixes from the RAPD marker, to determine the correlative genetic relationship between the genotypes of the quantitative traits (Maturity date, number of branches. plant, leaf area, number of pods. Plant, number of seeds. pod, seed weight and seed yield). The results indicated that RAPD indicators could be used, evaluating the genotypes of the Peanut plant, to groups and estimate the genetic distance between them, which was directly related to the molecular genetics and phenotypic genetic distances, the effect of the special unite ability and the strength of the cross between the average parents and the strength of the hybrid on the best parents and the average traits, parent 4 showed the greatest hereditary distance while parent 3 showed the least hereditary distance, based on the results of the phenotypic and RAPD indicators. The RE-RAPD indicators were also efficient in identifying 25 genetic mutations, as these mutations are considered a diagnostic genetic fingerprint of most parents and an indication of the presence of specific sites, especially of parents, in the genome of the parents through the use of 8 primers.