STIMULATING THE PRODUCTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUND QUERCETIN FROM MORINGA OLEIFERA L. CALLUS BY USING CHITOSAN AND SILVER NANOPARTICLES

A study was conducted in the Colleges of Science and Pharmacy Laboratories, University of Basrah, and Private Fadak Tissue Culture Laboratory, Basrah, Iraq. The explants of the nodule stem segments of Moringa were cultured by tissue culture technique to induce callus and produce active substances by adding different concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 30 mgL-1 silver nanoparticles (NPs), and 5, and 10 mgL-1 chitosan to culture media. The content of quercetin in leaves of moringa trees was reached 3.637 moles L-1. The MS medium supplemented with 20 mgL-1 silver NPs recorded the highest content of quercetin reaching 17.761 moles L-1. This treatment was a significant difference in callus content of quercetin compared to the other treatments. The MS medium supplemented 10 mgL-1 chitosan recorded the second rank that reached 15.245 moles L-1 quercetin in moringa callus. While the control treatment recorded the lowest content of quercetin in callus reached 2.932 moles L-1. The other treatments 10, 30 mgL-1 silver NPs, and 5 mgL-1 chitosan were recorded 4.484, 7.243 and 1.529 moles L-1 quercetin, respectively.