THE OPTIMUM METHOD FOR EXTRACTING AND PURIFYING COAGULASE ENZYME FROM STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS THAT ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that is normally found in both human nasal passages and skin. It is a facultative anaerobic cocci. Suppurative abscesses are also caused by S. aureus.. S. aureus have Willebrand factor-binding protein and coagulase that causes the coagulation of blood. Coagulase enzymes can be used in future to increase the coagulation rate in people who have problems with blood clotting. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the optimal method for extracting the enzyme from staphylococcal bacteria isolated from clinical samples. Patients between the ages of 18 and 45 had their clinical samples taken. Al-Wasiti Teaching Hospital and Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital provided samples. The research was carried out between December 2021 and March 2022. Among the 100 samples taken, 20 were from the skin, 35 from burns, 30 from wounds, and 15 were urine samples. The enzyme was isolated using four distinct techniques (crude extract, enzyme dialyzes, DEAD-cellulose, and Sepharose 6B), after which the enzyme's purification, folding, total activity, specific activity, protein condensation, and coagulase activity were assessed. The findings indicated that crude extract produced a higher yield, but at the expense of purity compared to other approaches. In contrast, Sepharose 6B methods demonstrated higher purity with lower amounts. In comparison to the first and second methods, DEAD-cellulose produced results that were in the middle, with relatively high purification factors. The volume of the product was large compared to the fourth method, and the enzyme had the highest overall activity value of all the methods used in the current study. It appears to be the most effective technique for coagulase enzyme extraction. The study came to the conclusion that each method has benefits and drawbacks, including yields in large amounts but without purity, and that it is appropriate for extracting the enzyme for purposes that require large amounts, even if they are of low purity. There are other techniques that produce high purity in smaller amounts and are appropriate for applications that call for very pure enzymes.