EFFECT OF GASEOUS POLLUTION ON BIRDS DIVERSITY BASRAH PROVINCE/IRAQ

Basrah city is one of the most polluted areas in Iraq because it contains many oil and gas fields. In addition to urbanization process as well as emissions of vehicle on bird biodiversity , current study was designed to evaluate the effects of two polluted air gases on bird biodiversity in Basrah, Carbon monoxide (CO) and methan (CH4) were measured in air. The present finding indicated that Al-Qurna and Shatt-Al Arab sites hosted the highest diversity of bird. While, Khor Al-Zubair was represented by the lowest diversity. Both CO and CH4 showed the highest level in Al-Maqal ; 17,800±3.401 ppm, and 12.700±1.135 ppm respectively .Carbon monoxide and methane showed significant effects on bird diversity at different habitats. Negative relationships were detected between gasses levels and alpha diversity indices except with dominant index . In general both CO and CH4 revealed a significant effect on bird diversity in both Khore Al-Zubair and Al-Qurna.In sum , the oil mining and industrial activities stations were the most affected areas by air pollutants.