IMPROVEMENT OF WATER-SALT REGIME IRRIGATION WATER IN THE LOWER STATIONS OF THE SYRDARYA RIVER

The main source of water for irrigation of agricultural crops in the Shieli area is the Syrdarya River. The main part of the river water intake originates in the Tomenaryk town through the trunk channel New Shieli. Through this channel, agricultural land in Akmaya, Kodamanov, Begezhanov, Zhuantobe, Bestam and other farms is irrigated. Through the Kamystyayak channel, farms in villages Bidaykol and Jahaev are irrigated. Through pipes located in irrigated areas, groundwater level and salinity indicator were identified. The ameliorative condition of the irrigated land in farms was considered unsatisfactory only in certain farming lands, due to their lowland and highland location, a change was noticed in soil mechanical composition. Soil salinity index depends on mineralization of irrigation water and groundwater. In the autumn of this year, a rapid drop of the groundwater level has been observed. This was caused by the fact that the water level of the Syrdarya River was lower, and the groundwater level in irrigated land dropped rapidly. This article studies the ameliorative condition of lands in Shieli irrigation massif by analyzing the volume of salts ingression into soil along with irrigation water and salt outcrop from the soil in sewer waters. The paper presents materials with experience of flushing saline on the area of 71.15 hectares, which gave positive results in water-and salt regime of soil.