THE EFFECTS OF HEAT SHOCK ON THE GROWTH OF THE BACTERIAL SPECIES SINORHIZOBIUMMELILOTI AND KLIBSELLAPNEUMONIAE AND CONJUGATION BETWEEN THEM

The main objective of this study was identifying the effect of temperature on the growth and efficiency of the types of bacteria infecting the plant host .Two types of bacteria were used in this study, (Klibsella Pneumonia), which is an intestinal bacteria, and bacteria (Sinorhizobiummeliloti), which infect leguminous plants . The first type was obtained from Media Medical Center / Erbil, and the second was isolated from the root nodes of the jet plant and diagnosed in terms of the family specialization. The bacterial suspensions under study were subjected to heat shock using temperatures (40, 45.50.55.60,65,70)0C, and for a period of five minutes/treatment using the water bath. The results of the study showed that the intestinal bacteria ( K. Pneumonia ) did not show significant differences in the number of bacterial colonies at a temperature of 40 C compared to the control sample, as it gave 189 colonies compared to the control sample 200 colonies. The results also showed that the bacteria showed a state of adaptation to the temperatures 45 and 50 C, where a good number of bacterial colonies appeared, and giving 164 compared to 200 colonies compared to the control Sample. This confirms that it is the optimum temperature for the growth of these bacteria, as it showed that bacterial colonies do not grow after this temperature, and after that, it is considered a lethal or fatal degree for bacteria. As for the root nodules bacteria S. melilotithe results showed that there is growth and formation of bacterial colonies at temperatures 40 and 45 compared to the control sample, it gave (168,164) bacterial colonies compared to the control sample 170 colonies. The results showed that high temperatures of 60 and 70 degrees Celsius are lethal for these bacteria.