Research article

THE LEVEL OF STUDY OF MOUNTAIN PASTURE PLANTS IN SOUTH UZBEKISTAN

Uktam Eshtemirovich Khujanazarov

Online First: December 10, 2022


In the world, special attention is paid to the inventory of pasture resources, the assessment of resource potential and the improvement of the condition of pastures in crisis. In this regard, among other things, pasture resources of different climatic regions were assessed, an international database of nutritious pasture plants was created, a system of sustainable development of the livestock system in natural-territorial complexes was developed, methods of pasture restoration through phytomelioration measures were created. It should be noted that due to the zonal characteristics typical for the Central Asian region, the sharp formation of mountain pastures is characterized by a combination of several abiotic factors, including climate, edaphic, orographic factors. The complexity and uniqueness of the mountain vegetation cover in Central Asia is that the area of the Tian-Shan and Pamir-Aloy ridges, which are large orographic units, are located in the middle and subtropical temperature zones, and in the eastern Mediterranean and Central Asian rainfall areas. However, in recent years, the convenient placement of production facilities has ensured that the areas of walnut groves, sparse shrubs, juniper groves, and grass-grass meadows have been reduced in these regions, taking away the historically developed ephemeral and ephemeroid groves. In addition, the expansion of the scale of human activity in the area causes the transformation of natural pastures, which is associated with an increase in the share of alien and poisonous species. Accordingly, it is of great scientific and practical importance to assess the modern condition of pastures in mountain and sub-mountain areas, to determine changes in pastures related to human influence, to reveal the ecological situation and to develop protection measures.

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